Mutations often have little or no effect on the virus's behavior.
University College London. Lucy Van Dorp is an expert on the evolution of pathogenic microorganisms in the human body. "Most of the time, these (mutations) are unimportant," he said. And with the exception of one or two very rare cases, it is not harmful. Most of the mutations we have seen in the SARS-Cove-Tour genome do not change the behavior of the virus. '
Many changes do not affect the behavior of the virus. But in one or two cases, the virus causes mutations that have a positive effect on their ability to survive and reproduce.
Dr. "If the preconditions for the spread of the epidemic are favorable, then the viruses that carry such mutations will continue to multiply through natural selection," said Van Dorp.
The mutation in the coronavirus from the United Kingdom, which is now making waves around the world, is spreading at an unusually fast rate.
The thorn-like spikes on the coronavirus are mutations that cause changes in their proteins to make it easier for them to enter human cells. This is the cause of special concern of scientists. Fourteen mutations have been identified in this new type of coronavirus.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins in viruses and this mutation is causing a change in them.
These mutations were known to scientists before, but not in such detail.
How is this new type of virus identified?
This new type of coronavirus has been identified in the UK. But it could be that it was spreading somewhere outside the UK long before that.
Maybe its origin is outside the UK, there is a possibility.
But scientists say it has been identified in the UK because the scientific infrastructure for monitoring the novel coronavirus is so strong. Named the Cogg-UK or ‘Covid-19 Genomics Consortium’, it preserves the genetic history of more than 1.5 million SARS-cov-to-virus samples. More than half of the world's genetic sequences are stored here.
That's why the new mutations in the coronavirus are the most likely to catch the eye of these cog-UK scientists.
When the coronavirus was spreading in the UK in February-March this year, scientists found that the virus was coming to the UK mainly from Europe. The original origin of the corona is not from China.
Countries that are genomically sequencing the coronavirus are more likely to catch a new mutation, such as South Africa, Denmark, and the Netherlands.
The United Kingdom is not the only country where this new form of coronavirus has been found.
It has already been found in Italy, Iceland, Denmark, and the Netherlands in Europe. Also found in Australia.
In addition, since the new mutation was detected in the United Kingdom in September, the new coronavirus may have spread to other countries. However, it has not been identified yet.
A new form of coronavirus has also been found in South Africa, which is not exactly the same as the UK type, but almost identical.
South African authorities have already launched an investigation into a new version of the coronavirus in collaboration with the World Health Organization. The virus is already spreading widely in various parts of South Africa, especially as newer forms of the coronavirus are infecting more young people than ever before. That being said, the mutations seen in the UK have a lot in common with it, but not exactly the same. In South Africa, this new strain has now become a major variant of the coronavirus.
The virus, which evolved in South Africa, has also reached the United Kingdom
The UK's health minister said on Wednesday that another new version of the coronavirus had been identified in the UK. The victims went to South Africa. This variant can also be easily spread from person to person.
The United Kingdom has imposed restrictions on travel to South Africa after a new variant was identified. And those who have been there in the last 15 days have been told to go to quarantine immediately. This particular variant is already spreading widely in South Africa.
It has similarities with variants scattered throughout the south-east of the UK, but they have evolved separately. Both variants have a common mutation called 'N Five Zero One Y', Which plays an active role in infecting human cells.
Mutations were found that could easily spread to the body of patients with a weakened immune system, where the virus could remain for several months before any symptoms appear. Scientists speculate that an idea of how the new variant evolved may be found here.
The virus may have been safe for months in patients with weakened immune systems, and this is where the mutations occur.
"The way we think now is that evolution has come about through so many mutations in the context of that long-term infection," said David Robertson, a Cogg-Ux scientist, and professor at the University of Glasgow.
Asked if the new variant had anything to do with the non-native animal mink, Professor Robertson said, "There is no evidence that mink or any other animal was involved. However, this fear should not be completely dispelled.
Ticker effectiveness
Since the first genome sequence of coronavirus was published by Chinese researchers in January, scientists around the world have been exchanging information on a large scale.
So far, scientists have created more than two and a half million SARS-cove-to-genome sequences around the world.
As a result, mutations in the UK have quickly become a cause for concern.
Now the main question is whether these new types of coronavirus mutations will have any effect on the effectiveness of the coronavirus vaccines discovered so far.
Most experts say the new mutation will reduce the effectiveness of the vaccine, at least not yet.
However, Dr. Van Dorp says the question will become more important to scientists in the coming days.
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